All together now : live (streamed) music as collective practice

Live music can create a sonic bond between its participants. Under the right conditions, music can attune the movements of a crowd, transforming the individual experience of participants into that of a large-scale interaction ritual. This dissertation explores the conditions needed for this transformation to occur, asking under what circumstances can live music bond people? It presents five empirical studies, comparing various genres and their audiences, and questions the importance of aspects such as physical co-presence and social position. Through this it establishes a comprehensive image of both physical and digital live music consumption and the specific ingredients needed to establish collectivity.